Neurology

What causes absence seizures in adulthood? Risk factors and FAQ

Absence seizures usually occur due to atypical changes in brain activity. They tend to have a genetic cause. Although more common in children, they may persist into adulthood. Absence seizures are most common in children ages 4 to 14 but can extend into early adulthood and beyond. Individuals may have absence seizures for years before recognizing the issue. This is because absence seizures cause brief episodes of disconnection from the surrounding environment without causing body movements.

Oligodendroglioma: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

Oligodendroglioma is a rare type of slow-growing tumor of the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord. Treatment includes surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Oligodendroglioma may arise in cells in the brain known as oligodendrocytes. These cells produce the protective sheath that surrounds nerves in the brain and spinal cord. Though uncommon, oligodendrogliomas can significantly affect a person’s neurological function and overall health.

Alzheimer's disease and interacting with babies and children

Alzheimer’s disease changes a person’s behavior. This means it may be unsafe for them to hold or take care of children and babies. Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder that profoundly affects the brain, leading to significant changes in behavior and personality. As the disease progresses, it causes severe memory loss, confusion, and impaired judgment. These changes significantly affect a person’s perception and interaction with their environment.

Self-care for migraine

Migraine self-care is a comprehensive approach. It considers diet, sleep patterns, physical activity, stress, and environment. For people living with migraine, the persistent pain and sensory disturbances of the condition can profoundly affect their daily lives and overall well-being. While medical treatments remain integral to migraine management, self-care practices are pivotal in reducing the burden of this neurological disorder. From reducing stress to developing regular sleep patterns and e

Nicotine and Alzheimer's disease: What is the link?

Nicotine is the substance in tobacco that makes smoking addictive. Limited studies suggest it could have protective properties, aiding memory and cognitive function. However, there is not enough evidence to confirm whether nicotine helps with Alzheimer’s. This is because much of the research around this topic has either been low quality, involved animals instead of humans, or focused on adults who do not have Alzheimer’s. There is evidence that smoking tobacco has links to Alzheimer’s disease, b

Headache hygiene: Tips and more

Headache hygiene aims to reduce the frequency and severity of headaches through a combination of lifestyle changes and trigger avoidance. Headaches can range from mild discomfort to debilitating pain, impacting a person’s productivity, mood, and overall quality of life. Headache hygiene, a comprehensive approach to managing and preventing headaches, has become an essential tool for those seeking relief from this common ailment.

How is Alzheimer's disease diagnosed? Tests and more

There is no single test that can diagnose Alzheimer’s disease. Instead, doctors use a combination of assessments to rule out other potential causes and make a definitive diagnosis. Diagnosing Alzheimer’s involves a comprehensive assessment to identify cognitive decline and rule out other potential causes of memory impairment. This involves both clinical evaluations and brain imaging scans. Read on to learn more about the techniques doctors use to diagnose Alzheimer’s.

Diagnosing Alzheimer’s dis

Is there a link between meningitis and COVID-19: What research says

Doctors rarely report cases of meningitis associated with COVID-19. Experts are still trying to understand the link between meningitis and COVID-19. Meningitis is a potentially life threatening condition. It involves inflammation of the protective membranes (meninges) surrounding the brain and spinal cord, which comprise the central nervous system (CNS). So far, no research shows that individuals are more likely to develop COVID-19 or become seriously ill if they have had prior meningitis. While

Lymphedema treatment in multiple sclerosis (MS): An overview

Some people with MS may develop lymphedema, a condition characterized by fluid accumulation in the arms and legs. Managing lymphedema requires a comprehensive approach that may include exercise, massage, compression garments, and in severe cases, surgery. Lymphedema can arise due to lymphatic system changes, which impact fluid regulation in the body. The resulting swelling can limit mobility and affect a person’s daily activities. Generally, the available treatment options for lymphedema in MS p

Primary lateral sclerosis: Symptoms and treatment

Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is a rare neurological disorder that affects the motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, which control movement. It is a form of motor neuron disease (MND). PLS leads to weakness and stiffness in the limbs and body. Doctors may find it challenging to diagnose the condition, as it shares symptoms with various neurological disorders. While PLS is not typically fatal, it can significantly affect a person’s quality of life, making it difficult to perform daily act

Headache after stroke: Is it normal and how long it lasts

Headache after stroke is fairly common. These headaches often have features similar to tension-type headaches and may be more severe than pain during the stroke itself. Doctors may recommend medications and other treatments. Around of people experience persistent headache after stroke, estimates a 2018 research review. Strokes occur due to a sudden interruption in oxygen-rich blood supply to the brain, leading to tissue damage or the death of brain cells. This can cause changes in the brain that

Stroke face droop and paralysis: What stroke looks like

During a stroke, the face can droop on one or both sides. The eyelids and corners of the mouth may appear pulled down, and a person may be unable to smile or speak clearly. A stroke happens when there is a disruption in blood flow to a part of the brain — either due to a clot or bleeding in the brain. The lack of oxygen-rich blood in a part of the brain causes cells in these areas to die, leading to impaired communication between nerve cells. A stroke may cause facial drooping, paralysis, numbne

Life expectancy after a mini stroke: Statistics and more

A person’s life expectancy after a mini stroke reduces by around 4% in the first year following the attack in comparison to people who have not had one. In the following 9 years, life expectancy reduces by 20%. These statistics come from a . A mini stroke, or transient ischemic attack (TIA), can happen if the blood supply to part of the brain reduces temporarily. It can cause stroke-like symptoms, such as weakness, numbness, and confusion, but it does not cause permanent damage. However, a TIA i

Can smoking cause a stroke? Risk, statistics, and more

Long-term exposure to the harmful substances in tobacco increases the risk of many conditions, including stroke. People who smoke 20 cigarettes daily are six times more likely to have a stroke than people who do not smoke. This data comes from the . Smoking increases the risk of stroke because it causes inflammation and damage to the blood vessels and can lead to a buildup of plaque in the arteries. This makes it harder for the heart to pump blood. Smoking also impacts circulation throughout the

Cerebellar stroke: Symptoms, prognosis, treatment, and more

A cerebellar stroke is a rare type of stroke. It affects the cerebellum, an area of the brain responsible for coordinating movement and balance. It can happen when a blockage or bleeding leads to cell damage in the brain. A stroke can be ischemic — when blood flow to a brain area is cut off due to a blockage — or hemorrhagic, when a blood vessel in the brain bursts. As a result, the brain becomes starved of oxygen-rich blood, and parts of it become damaged or die. Certain factors may increase a

Rehabilitation for stroke: What does it involve?

When someone has a stroke, they should begin rehabilitation as soon as possible. Not only does it help improve the chances of making a full recovery, but it may help reduce the risk of future strokes. Prompt rehabilitation also eases the transition from hospital to home. Stroke rehabilitation is a team effort. It involves the person who had the stroke, their family and friends, and various healthcare professionals. The person may require support from physical and occupational therapists, speech-

Lacunar stroke: Risk factors, causes, treatment, and more

A lacunar stroke is a type of ischemic stroke. It results from a blockage in one of the small arteries deep in the brain. Around 25% of strokes are of this type. Diabetes, smoking, and cardiovascular disease are among the risk factors. Overall the outlook for a person who has a lacunar stroke is with some other types of stroke. However, it can lead to vascular dementia and cognitive impairment. Typically, ischemic strokes occur when the blood supply to the brain does not flow properly due to blo

Cluster headache vs. migraine: What to know

Migraine and cluster headaches are different types of primary headache. They share some symptoms, but migraine tends to cause throbbing pain, while cluster headaches come on quickly, and the pain is sharp, piercing, or burning. Both migraine and cluster headache are primary headache disorders, meaning another health condition does not cause the symptoms, and they are conditions in their own right. Both cause significant pain and disruption to daily life. This article discusses cluster headaches

Caffeine and migraine: Does it help or cause migraine?

For some people, caffeine consumption can trigger migraine symptoms. However, others may find it helps ease their pain, especially in combination with other medications. Scientists are not sure why people have different reactions. Caffeine is a stimulant present in many beverages and foods, including coffee, tea, and chocolate. Many people consume it without any problems, but for those with migraine, it could be or harmful. Whether a person finds caffeine beneficial for their migraine symptoms d

Psilocybin migraines: Causes, treatment, and more

Psilocybin is the active compound in magic mushrooms. This naturally occurring compound has been gaining attention in the medical community for its potential therapeutic benefits. Research shows that psilocybin may help various conditions, such as depression, migraine, and addiction. However, more large-scale research is necessary to help confirm the effects of this compound. And while there are promising results, some people report side effects from its use, including headaches. This article lo

Is it safe for a person with epilepsy to get a tattoo?

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that can affect people of all ages. Individuals with epilepsy experience sudden changes in the brain’s electrical activity, called seizures. During a seizure, they may jerk, shake, or twitch. They may also lose consciousness. Due to these symptoms, a person with epilepsy may have concerns about getting a tattoo, a form of body art that an artist inks permanently into the skin. Tattoos have long been a part of human culture, and they are growing in popularity.

Multiple sclerosis and dental extractions: What to know

Multiple sclerosis (MS) can cause extreme fatigue and physical difficulties that may make looking after dental health challenging. As a result, some people with MS may need dental extractions. Dentists may need to remove teeth due to decay, injury, periodontal disease, or other reasons. Although extractions are a common procedure, they can pose unique challenges for people with MS. Working with a dentist to minimize discomfort and ensure safety is essential. This article looks at MS and dental e

Lyme meningitis: Symptoms, treatment, and recovery

Lyme meningitis is a rare but potentially serious form of meningitis. It can develop following Lyme disease. It affects the nervous system and can lead to headaches, a stiff neck, fever, and nerve pain. who get Lyme disease will not develop meningitis. However, if the bacteria that cause Lyme disease affect the brain or spinal cord, the condition can be life threatening. Other symptoms of Lyme meningitis include numbness, weakness, facial drooping, vision changes, and nausea and vomiting. If a p
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